- ls : directory listing
- ls -al : formatted listing with hidden files
- cd dir : change directory to dir
- cd : change to home
- pwd : show current directory
- mkdir dir : create a directory dir
- rm file : delete file
- rm -r dir : delete directory dir
- rm -f file : force remove file
- rm -rf dir : force remove firectory dir
- cp file1 file2 : copy file1 to file2
- cp -r dir1 dir2 :copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist
- mv file1 file2 :rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2
- ln -s file link : create symbolic link link to file
- touch file : create or update file
- cat > file : places standard input into file
- more file : output the contents of file
- head file : output the first 10 lines of file
- tail file : output the last 10 line of file
- tail -f file : output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines
- ps : display your currently active processes
- top : display all running processes
- kill pid : kill process id pid
- killall proc : kill all processes named proc
- bg : lists stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped jop in the background
- fg : brings the most recent job to foreground
- fg n : brings job n to the foreground
File Permissions
- chmod octal file : change the permissions of file to octal, which can be found separately for user, group, and world by adding:
2 - write(w)
1 - execute(x)
Examples:
chmod 777 - read, write, execute for all
chmod 755 - rwx for owner, rx for group and world
For more options, see man chmod.
SSH
- ssh user@host : connect to host as user
- ssh -p port user@host : connect to host on port as user
- ssh-copy-id user@host : add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or passwordless login
- grep pattern files : search for pattern in files
- grep -r pattern dir : search recursively for pattern in dir
- command ᛁgrep pattern : search for pattern in the output of command
- locate file : find all instances of file
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